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combined coagulation-hydrolysis acidification-dynamic membrane bioreactor system for treatment of oilfield polymer-flooding

Xue Shen, Lei Lu, Baoyu Gao, Xing Xu, Qinyan Yue

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1093-8

摘要：

• We created a combined system for treating oilfield polymer-flooding wastewater.

• The system was composed of coagulation, hydrolysis acidification and DMBR.

• Coagulant integrated with demulsifier dominated the removal of crude oil.

• The DMBR proceed efficiently without serious membrane fouling.

关键词： Coagulation Hydrolysis acidification Dynamic membrane bioreactor Polymer flooding

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海上油田聚合物驱配套技术研究

刘宗昭,刘福海,易飞,黄波,孙艳萍,王成胜,刘敏

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第5期页码 50-52

摘要：

2002—2010年，经过8年攻关，研究建立了新型耐温、抗盐聚合物室内筛选及评价技术，海上油田聚合物驱开发方案设计和开发指标评价技术，适用于海上平台作业的注聚装备及工艺技术，分段防砂条件下大排量聚合物分段注入技术等10项聚合物驱配套技术，在渤海油田获得推广应用，取得了明显的增油降水效果。渤海油田聚合物驱矿场试验的成功实践证明：聚合物驱配套技术研究与建立是聚合物驱成功实施的基础，为海上油田高效开发做出了重大贡献。

关键词：海上油田聚合物驱配套技术提高采收率

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海上稠油聚合物驱关键技术研究与矿场试验

张凤久,姜伟,孙福街,周守为

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第5期页码 28-33

摘要：

在深入分析海上稠油聚合物驱提高采收率的难点与挑战的基础上，通过近10年的攻关和矿场试验，研制出适合海上稠油油藏条件的驱替液技术、平台聚合物配注技术、海上稠油含聚采出液处理技术及早期注聚效果评价等一系列技术，初步形成了海上油田聚合物驱油技术体系，并在渤海绥中36-1、旅大10-1及锦州9-3等3个油田进行了不同规模的现场试验，取得了明显的增油降水效果。证明了聚合物驱提高采收率技术在海上稠油油田应用的技术可行性和经济有效性，为海上油田高效开发探索出了一条崭新的道路，具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：海上油田稠油聚合物驱驱替液聚合物溶液配制采出液驱油效果

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延长油田长6油藏注水开发及水驱前缘微地震监测应用

郝世彦,王永东

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第4期页码 8-11

摘要：

论述了延长油田长6井组的转注原因及注水前缘微地震监测。延长油田子长采油厂4237井组的注水前缘优势方向为北东东向，受到原地应力场方向影响强烈。研究表明，注采井网的布局应该同时参考原地应力场方向及原有裂缝方向。依据监测结果，油水井布置方向是正确的，应该缩短沿北北西方向的油、水井距，以提高注水见效程度。

关键词：延长油田注水开发微地震监测水驱前缘

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analysis of impact of green stormwater infrastructures on combined sewer overflow control and urban flooding

Jinsong Tao, Zijian Li, Xinlai Peng, Gaoxiang Ying

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0952-4

摘要： Stimulated by the recent USEPA’s green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) guidance and policies, GSI systems have been widely implemented in the municipal area to control the combined sewer overflows (CSOs), also known as low impact development (LID) approaches. To quantitatively evaluate the performance of GSI systems on CSO and urban flooding control, USEPA-Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) model was adopted in this study to simulate the behaviors of GSI systems in a well-developed urban drainage area, PSW45, under different circumstances. The impact of different percentages of stormwater runoff transported from impervious surfaces to the GSI systems on CSO and urban flooding control has also been investigated. Results show that with current buildup, GSI systems in PSW45 have the best performance for low intensity and short duration events on both volume and peak flow reductions, and have the worst performance for high intensity and long duration events. Since the low intensity and short duration events are dominant from a long-term perspective, utilizing GSI systems is considered as an effective measure of CSO control to meet the long-term control strategy for PSW45 watershed. However, GSI systems are not suitable for the flooding control purpose in PSW45 due to the high occurrence possibility of urban flooding during or after high intensity events where GSI systems have relatively poor performance no matter for a short or long duration event.

关键词： Green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) Urban flooding Low impact development (LID) Stormwater Management Model (SWMM)

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Organic conjugated polymers and polymer dots as photocatalysts for hydrogen production

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第1期页码 667-677 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0767-7

摘要： Owing to the outstanding characteristics of tailorable electronic and optical properties, semiconducting polymers have attracted considerable attention in recent years. Among them, organic polymer dots process large breadth of potential synthetic diversity are the representative of photocatalysts for hydrogen production, which presents both an opportunity and a challenge. In this mini-review, first, the organic polymer photocatalysts were introduced. Then, recent reports on polymer dots which showed a superior photocatalytic activity and a robust stability under visible-light irradiation, for hydrogen production were summarized. Finally, challenges and outlook on using organic polymer dots-based photocatalysts from hydrogen production were discussed.

关键词： polymer dots (Pdots) photocatalysis hydrogen production

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Construction of interfacial dynamic bonds for high performance lignin/polymer biocomposites

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第10期页码 1372-1388 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2302-3

摘要： Lignin is the largest natural aromatic biopolymer, but usually treated as industrial biomass waste. The development of lignin/polymer biocomposites can promote the high value utilization of lignin and the greening of polymers. However, the weak interfacial interaction between industrial lignin and polymer induces poor compatibility and serious agglomeration in polymer owing to the strong intermolecular force of lignin. As such, it is extremely difficult to prepare high performance lignin/polymer biocomposites. Recently, we proposed the strategy of in situ construction of interfacial dynamic bonds in lignin/polymer composites. By taking advantage of the abundant oxygen-containing polar groups of lignin, we inserted dynamic bonding connection such as hydrogen bonds and coordination bonds into the interphase between lignin and the polymer matrix to improve the interfacial interactions. Meanwhile, the natural amphiphilic structure characteristics of lignin were utilized to construct the hierarchical nanophase separation structure in lignin/polymer composites. The persistent problems of poor dispersity and interfacial compatibility of lignin in the polymer matrix were effectively solved. The lignin-modified polymer composites achieved simultaneously enhanced strength and toughness. This concise review systematically summarized the recent research progress of our group toward building high-performance lignin/polymer biocomposites through the design of interfacial dynamic bonds (hydrogen bonds, coordination bonds, and dynamic covalent bonds) between lignin and different polymer systems (polar plastics, rubber, polyurethane, hydrogels, and other polymers). Finally, the future development direction, main challenges, and potential solutions of lignin application in polymers were presented.

关键词： lignin polymer interfacial dynamic bonds

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特高含水期分层段周期注采技术研究与实践认识

姜振海

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第4期页码 77-82

摘要：

针对萨北开发区油层沉积特点及特高含水期剩余油分布特点，以水动力学原理为指导，在已有周期注水实践经验的基础上，结合数值模拟进行机理研究，优化周期注采方式及各项参数，引入了分层段交叉注采改变液流方向改善开发效果的做法，在实践中取得了较好的效果。

关键词：周期注水周期采油方式优化参数优选

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Effect of polymer structures on electro-optical properties of polymer stabilized liquid crystal films

WANG Shoulian, HE Jie, ZENG Yu, YAN Bin, WANG Yinghan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 265-268 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0054-8

摘要： The polymer stabilized liquid crystal (PSLC) film is a relatively novel electro-optical material, which is generally obtained by dissolving a small amount of a bifunctional photoreactive monomer in a low molecular mass liquid crystal. In this paper, the PSLC films were prepared with photoreactive biphenyl methacrylate monomers by photopolymerization induced phase separation. The effects of liquid crystal concentration, curing time, monomer structures and alignment layer on the electro-optical properties of PSLC films were investigated. The results show that the transmittance in the OFF state () increased with the liquid crystal concentration, but the driving voltage decreased. was also influenced by the curing time. Furthermore, when polyimide was used as alignment layer, the films prepared from the bifunctional monomer shows a higher T, while those from the single functional monomer exhibited a deformed electro-optical curve due to the unsteady polymer networks.

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Deformation analysis of shape memory polymer for morphing wing skin under airflow

Weilong YIN, Jingcang LIU, Jinsong LENG,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第4卷第4期页码 447-449 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0062-5

摘要： The method for analyzing the out-of-plane deformation of a flexible skin under airflow is developed in this paper. The aerodynamic analysis is performed using the CFD software, and the structural analysis is performed using finite element method. The chief aim of the present study is to investigate the out-of-plane deformation of the shape memory polymer (SMP) skin at different temperatures. Numerical results show that the maximum out-of-plane displacement of the SMP skin increases with increasing temperature. When the SMP skin is heated to 53°C, the maximum out-of-plane displacement is about 7 mm. It decreases by 72%, when the SMP skin is applied with a uniform pre-strain of 0.1.

关键词： aircraft morphing skin shape memory polymer (SMP) deformation pre-strain

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利用注水前缘监测技术跟踪水推速度

杨志冬,周金燕,常智勇,张金荣,韩铭毅

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第4期页码 31-33

摘要：

讨论了红032井区注水前缘分布及微地震监测结果。结果表明，微地震注水前缘监测结果与油田地质数值模拟结果、地震波幅分布结果一致。由微地震监测结果可以确定注入水推进位置，为油田注水方案调整、改进注采措施、提高注水效率提供依据。

关键词：注水前缘监测优势流动方向注水调控

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Fracture model for the prediction of the electrical percolation threshold in CNTs/Polymer composites

Yang SHEN, Pengfei HE, Xiaoying ZHUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 125-136 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0396-8

摘要： In this paper, we propose a 3D stochastic model to predict the percolation threshold and the effective electric conductivity of CNTs/Polymer composites. We consider the tunneling effect in our model so that the unrealistic interpenetration can be avoided in the identification of the conductive paths between the CNTs inside the polymer. The results are shown to be in good agreement with reported experimental data.

关键词： electrical percolation CNTs/Polymer composites fracture model electric conductivity tunnelling effects

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Experimental investigation on freeze−thaw durability of polymer concrete

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第4期页码 1038-1046 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0748-2

摘要： Assessing the durability of concrete is of prime importance to provide an adequate service life and reduce the repairing cost of structures. Freeze–thaw is one such test that indicates the ability of concrete to last a long time without a significant loss in its performance. In this study, the freeze–thaw resistance of polymer concrete containing different polymer contents was explored and compared to various conventional cement concretes. Concretes’ fresh and hardened properties were assessed for their workability, air content, and compressive strength. The mass loss, length change, dynamic modulus of elasticity, and residual compressive strength were determined for all types of concretes subjected to freeze–thaw cycles according to ASTM C666-procedure A. Results showed that polymer concrete (PC) specimens prepared with higher dosages of polymer contents possessed better freeze–thaw durability compared to other specimens. This high durability performance of PCs is mainly due to their impermeable microstructures, absence of water in their structure, and the high bond strength between aggregates and a polymer binder. It is also indicated that the performance of high-strength concrete containing air-entraining admixture is comparable with PC having optimum polymer content in terms of residual compressive strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity, mass loss, and length change.

关键词： durability test freeze-thaw resistance polymer concrete residual compressive strength ASTM C666-15

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Tribological study on the surface modification of metal-on-polymer bioimplants

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0682-6

摘要： The tribological performance of artificial joints is regarded as the main factor of the lifespan of implanted prostheses. The relationship between surface roughness and coefficient of friction (COF) under dry and lubricated conditions is studied. Results show that under dry test, friction coefficient is not reduced all the time with a decrease in surface roughness. On the contrary, a threshold of roughness value is observed, and frictional force increases again below this value. This critical value lies between 40 and 100 nm in S_a (roughness). This phenomenon is due to the transfer of friction mechanisms from abrasion to adhesion. Under wet test, COF always decreases with reduction in surface roughness. This result is mainly attributed to the existence of a thin layer of lubricant film that prevents the intimate contact of two articulating surfaces, thus greatly alleviating adhesion friction. Furthermore, surface texturing technology is successful in improving the corresponding tribological performance by decreasing friction force and mitigating surface deterioration. The even-distribution mode of texturing patterns is most suitable for artificial joints. By obtaining the optimal surface roughness and applying texturing technology, the tribological performance of polymer-based bioimplants can be greatly enhanced.

关键词： artificial joints surface roughness friction surface texturing

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Hyperbranched magnetic polymer: highly efficient removal of Cr(VI) and application in electroplating

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第10期页码 1568-1580 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2303-2

摘要： By using a two-step hydrothermal method and trithiocyanuric acid (TTCA), 2,4,6-trihydrazino-1,3,5-triazine (THT), and Fe₃O₄ as raw materials, a spherical magnetic adsorbent polymer (TTCA/THT@Fe₃O₄) was synthesized to achieve the efficient removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater. Under optimal adsorption conditions, the maximum adsorption capacity of TTCA/THT@Fe₃O₄ for Cr(VI) can reach 1340 mg∙g^‒1. Notably, the removal efficiency can approach 98.9%, even at the lower concentration of 20 mg∙L^‒1 Cr(VI). For actual wastewater containing Cr(VI), the Cr(VI) concentration was reduced from 25.8 to 0.4 mg∙L^‒1, a remarkable 20% lower than the current industry discharge standard value. A mechanism for the high adsorption performance of Cr(VI) on TTCA/THT@Fe₃O₄ was investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory. It can be plausibly attributed to the formation of Cr/N and Cr/S coordination bonds. Additionally, surface electrostatic adsorption, reduction effects, and the spherical polymer structure increase the contact area with Cr(VI), maximizing adsorption. The synergistic effect of adsorption and reduction enhances the adsorption performance of TTCA/THT@Fe₃O₄ for Cr(VI) and total chromium in water. The resultant polymer has a simple preparation process, excellent adsorption performance, easy magnetic separation, and promising application for actual wastewater.

关键词： magnetic polymer chromium removal hydrogen bonding recyclability actual wastewater